Modern pharmaceutical analytical techniques have revolutionized drug development, quality control, and regulatory compliance by offering precise, reliable, and high-throughput methods for evaluating pharmaceutical substances. These techniques are crucial for ensuring the identity, purity, potency, and safety of drugs throughout their lifecycle from discovery to post-marketing surveillance. Key advancements include spectroscopic methods like UV-Vis, FTIR, Raman, and NMR spectroscopy, which enable structural elucidation and functional group analysis. Chromatographic techniques such as...

Novel Drug Delivery Systems (NDDS) have revolutionized the field of pharmaceutics by providing controlled, targeted, and patient-centric therapeutic solutions. Conventional drug formulations often face limitations such as poor bioavailability, rapid metabolism, short half-life, and off-target toxicity, which can compromise therapeutic efficacy. NDDS encompass a diverse range of technologies, including oral controlled release systems, transdermal patches, pulmonary and nasal inhalers, injectable and implantable systems, polymeric and lipid-based carriers, targeted nanoparticles, and advanced...