The development of micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in Ethiopia, particularly in urban areas experiencing rapid industrialization, is significantly supported by Urban Industry Extension Services (UIES). These services are crucial in enhancing the capacity and competitiveness of MSEs by providing essential resources, training, and support tailored to the unique challenges faced by businesses in urban settings. In the Lemi Kura sub city of Addis Ababa, the importance of UIES is increasingly evident due to the area's swift urbanization and the pressing need for sustainable economic growth. As...