Dental cements play a vital role in modern dentistry by helping to secure restorations like crowns, bridges, and orthodontic appliances to the teeth. They also serve as protective bases or liners under fillings and can be used for temporary repairs. These materials are specially formulated to be strong, safe for oral tissues, and able to bond effectively with both tooth surfaces and restorative materials. Over time, dental cements have advanced from simple compounds to more sophisticated formulations, such as resin-modified and glass ionomer cements, offering improved durability, ease of use,...