This book highlights the recent progress in understanding the winds in the Atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) contributing to clarifying the vertical structure of mean wind and turbulence in the ABL and their roles in wind engineering, civil structural design, and wind energy applications. The behaviors of ABL over different types of surfaces, including the urban, suburban, rural, open, and sea surfaces, are explained. Vertical profiles of mean wind speed and direction, as well as turbulence properties, e.g., turbulence intensity, gust factor and peak factor, turbulence...