Urbanization has significantly impacted water bodies, as seen in Peddacheruvu, an urban lake in Mahabubnagar, India. Rapid urban growth has led to contamination from human waste and heavy metals. This study assesses the lake's water quality through physico-chemical and microbiological analysis, following the American Public Health Association guidelines.Physico-chemical analysis revealed high pollution levels, including toxic metals like lead, cadmium, and chromium. These pollutants pose threats to aquatic life and public health. In parallel, microbiological studies identified resilient...