Periodontal disease pathogenesis is a complicated process that includes intricate interactions between microbial biofilms, host immunological responses, and environmental variables. To untangle these intricacies, numerous experimental models have been established, each of which provides unique insights into specific elements of the disease.Emerging technologies, like as organ-on-a-chip systems, microfluidic platforms, and omics methods, are increasing the models' relevance and precision. By combining these new tools, researchers are better able to investigate the interactions between...