Florence Nightingale is considered to be the founder of holistic nursing. Holistic nursing care is an important aspect of nursing practice in that it emphasizes the care of the patient as a whole. It aims to improve health, reduce suffering and prevent illness. The nurse is part of the healing environment using warmth, compassion, caring, authenticity, respect, trust and relationship as instruments of healing in and of themselves.

Evidence-based practice in nursing is recognized as the gold standard of core competencies in the nursing profession for providing safe and effective person-centered care and delivering high-quality patient care. Nursing students are expected to be professional nurses who can provide evidence-based nursing care to meet the patients' needs. Nursing students' ability to apply evidence effectively in practice is critical in developing their knowledge, skills, and attitudes in performing expected roles in professional, safe, effective, and ethical nursing practice.

Community health nursing is a population-focused nursing specialty dedicated to promoting wellness, preventing disease, and protecting the health of entire communities by addressing the health needs of individuals, families, and groups within their environment. It involves health promotion, disease prevention, health education, community assessment, and the management of chronic conditions through evidence-based programs and advocacy, often in settings like schools, clinics, and community centers.

Clinical community health nursing is a nursing specialty that provides comprehensive healthcare to individuals, families, and populations within a community setting, focusing on health promotion, disease prevention, and health maintenance. These nurses often work in non-traditional settings like schools, shelters, or community centers to serve diverse and underserved populations. Key activities include health education, chronic disease management, advocating for patient needs, and connecting communities to resources, with the ultimate goal of promoting health equity for everyone.