Pre-sowing treatments significantly affected the germination and growth of mango stones. Soaking in cow dung slurry for 24 hours resulted in the quickest germination initiation and the highest germination percentage by 60 days. However, these treatments did not significantly influence the completion of germination or leaf area. At 8 months after sowing, the best results in rootstock height, collar girth, number of leaves, root length, and lateral roots were observed with GA3 (200 ppm) treatment for 24 hours. This treatment led to maximum growth attributes, while leaf area was not...