Recent studies indicate that intermittent fasting promotes metabolic homeostasis by shifting the body's energy source from glucose to triglycerides, enhancing mitochondrial function, lowering insulin levels, and supporting weight loss. This metabolic switch helps preserve muscle mass, improve body composition, and increase fat mobilization through fatty acid beta-oxidation This review aims to assess the impact of IF on gut microbiota by integrating multi-omics analysis, with the goal of exploring personalized dietary interventions based on individual differences in microbiota.