Actions and Words are weighed in Politics, therefore, for every action on Politics, there is a cognitive and validated meaning and interpretation towards such action. The science of Politics is dependent on the study of political actions and patterns per time. This text is a compendium of scientific methods and procedures through which political actions and actors can be understudied both in individual and in group settings in order to come up with a reliable and validated conclusion why political actors behave the way they chose to behave towards any given period of time.

Eine öffentlich-private Partnerschaft (ÖPP) beschreibt eine staatliche Dienstleistung oder ein privates Unternehmen, das durch eine Partnerschaft zwischen der Regierung und einem oder mehreren Unternehmen des privaten Sektors finanziert und betrieben wird. PPP beinhaltet einen Vertrag zwischen einer öffentlichen Dienstleistung oder einem Projekt und übernimmt ein erhebliches finanzielles, technisches und betriebliches Risiko für das Projekt. Die Notwendigkeit, das PPP-Modell für das öffentliche Beschaffungswesen zu übernehmen, ergab sich aus der in den 70er und 80er Jahren rasch...

Public-Private Partnership (PPP) describes a government service or private business venture which is funded and operated through a partnership of government and one or more private sector companies. PPP involves a contract between a public service or project and assumes substantial financial, technical and operational risk in the project. The need to adopt PPP model of public procurement arose as a result of public debts which grew rapidly during the 1970s and 1980s, and as the author relates these cases in the area of Indigenous practices in Akwa Ibom State of Nigeria.

The fall in the general prices of goods and services in any economy has been debated by different economists from different spectrums and isles. But, the effectual and positive outcomes are up to no avail. This text is not a compedium of complaints of who does it right or wrong, but it contains workable, applicable, researchable techniques to which the fall in the general prices of goods and services can be attained against the conventional economic theories that have prevailed over centuries and millenniums. The content of this book can not be attained on the grounds of Political and...

Fiscal Management is Fiscal Engineering likewise...the ways that seem efficient are dependent upon the indices of growth and development in any econonomy (as Nigeria's is not an exemption). Therefore, let's explore the dynamics and prospects of the subject matter in the context of Nigeria today, tomorrow, and thereafter.Recently, government policies began to show more concern on the management and improvement of the economy. Government over the years have embarked on various macroeconomic policy options to grow the economy in terms of growth and development and the policy option employed is...

Le partenariat public-privé (PPP) décrit un service public ou une entreprise privée qui est financé et géré par un partenariat entre le gouvernement et une ou plusieurs entreprises du secteur privé. Le PPP implique un contrat entre un service public ou un projet et assume un risque financier, technique et opérationnel substantiel dans le projet. La nécessité d'adopter le modèle PPP pour les marchés publics est apparue à la suite de l'augmentation rapide des dettes publiques au cours des années 1970 et 1980, et comme l'auteur le relate dans le domaine des pratiques indigènes...