Cadmium is toxic to a wide range of organisms; the main effects are on the growth and reproduction. Dissolved cadmium salts released in drainage water from mines may represent a significant threat to aquatic wildlife. Reproductively active aquatic animals exposed to pollutant stress undergo alterations in their biochemical and physiological functions leading to the disturbed reproductive processes. Biochemical constituents and enzymes are the first detectable / quantifiable responses to environmental changes and can serve as markers for both exposures and effects in organisms. In the edible...