In this book, we consider the flow of fluids over bodies that are immersed in a fluid, called external flow, with emphasis on the resulting lift and drag forces. External flow is characterized by a freely growing boundary layer surrounded by an outer flow region that involves small velocity and temperature gradients.When a fluid moves over a solid body, it exerts pressure forces normal to the surface and shear forces parallel to the surface along the outer surface of the body. We are usually interested in the resultant of the pressure and shear forces acting on the body rather than the...