Education and training have faced many challenges in the past five years - political, educational, and technological trends such as the European Bologna process, Lifelong Learning and the use of Social Software are just a few of the factors influencing this field. Furthermore, technology-enhanced lea- ing has become the mainstream of educational and training innovation. Within this context, this second edition of the Handbook on "Infor- tion Technologies for Learning, Education, and Training" attempts to capture the state-of-the-art in technology-enhanced learning, as it has emerged during...