This volume belongs to the series of the HERCULES Course on Neutron and Synchrotron Radiation for Condensed Matter studies. This course, coorganized by Universities in Grenoble and Paris, CNRS and INSTN, takes place since 1991 in Grenoble, elose to and with the support of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) and the Institut Laue Langevin (ILL). The first volume gave general presentation of the theory, instruments and methods used in the fields. This second volume, which corresponds to a two-week course, is devoted to selected applications in Physics and Chemistry of Solids....