Mammalian cells are to a large extent controlled by the environment. Dif fusible factors (growth factors, cytokines, and hormones) released by oth er cells in the body bind to and activate receptors localized at the cell sur face. In the case of the fibroblast growth factor receptor, there seems to be receptors both at the plasma membrane and in the nucleus. Cellular recep tors control growth, apoptosis, immune function, differentiation, develop and upon dysregulation, cancer progression and metastasis. Upon li ment, gand binding, most receptors are internalized. However, the mechanisms of...

Mammalian cells are to a large extent controlled by the environment. Dif fusible factors (growth factors, cytokines, and hormones) released by oth er cells in the body bind to and activate receptors localized at the cell sur face. In the case of the fibroblast growth factor receptor, there seems to be receptors both at the plasma membrane and in the nucleus. Cellular recep tors control growth, apoptosis, immune function, differentiation, develop and upon dysregulation, cancer progression and metastasis. Upon li ment, gand binding, most receptors are internalized. However, the mechanisms of...