Recently, the next generation wireless networks (5G/B5G) is integrated by some novel paradigms such as cognitive radio, full-duplex, simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT), multi-input multi-output (MIMO) and large-scale antenna arrays, etc. The throughput and energy have key roles in the operation of these novel paradigms. We need to investigate the answer to the fundamental questions: how to use minimum energy while ensuring the throughput, how to achieve the maximum throughput with a given maximum energy. The problems become complicated when there are combinations of...