Head and neck cancer develops from tissues in the lip and oral cavity, larynx, salivary glands, nose, sinuses or the skin of the face. Symptoms predominantly include a sore throat or change in the voice. In those with advanced disease, there may be unusual bleeding, facial pain, numbness or swelling, and visible lumps on the outside of the neck or oral cavity. The majority of head and neck cancer is caused by the use of alcohol or tobacco, with increasing cases linked to the human papillomavirus (HPV). After a histologic diagnosis has been established and tumor extent determined, the...