Titanium oxide nanoparticle synthesis using papaya leaf extract has gained importance in recent years due to its eco-friendliness and cost-effectiveness. Papaya leaf extract serves as a green reducing and stabilizing agent, eliminating the need for harmful chemicals in the synthesis process. The resulting nanoparticles have shown promise in a range of biomedical applications, including antibacterial and anticancer properties. Furthermore, the use of plant extracts in nanoparticle synthesis could open up new possibilities for sustainable and green technologies.