Technological advancements achieved in recent years have enabled major progress in endodontic therapy. The introduction of nickel-titanium alloys and the automation of endodontic instrumentation was a huge leap forward, breaking the nearly 200-year paradigm of purely manual instrumentation. Nevertheless, the practice of root canal instrumentation has remained in a constant state of flux, whether due to development of new instruments with different designs or to further advances in Ni-Ti alloy treatments, continuously seeking to obtain more resilient and flexible systems. The objective of this...

Biomimetic dentistry is the practice of dentistry which applies the concept of Biomimetics. This treatment approach strives to preserve intact tooth structure and restore the function and biomechanics of natural teeth. Biomimetic dentistry is typically applied to restorative and esthetic dentistry, but it can be applied to any dental discipline. The main objective of biomimetic restorative dentistry is to return the hard tissues (enamel, dentin, cementum) to attain full function through a restorative material that can mimic or restore the biomechanics of the natural tooth.

Dental bleaching, or teeth whitening, is a cosmetic procedure designed to lighten teeth and remove stains and discoloration caused by aging, consumption of staining substances, and certain medications. The process can be performed in-office by a dentist using high-concentration bleaching agents and special lights or lasers for quick results, or at home with custom-made trays and lower-concentration gels over several weeks. Over-the-counter products, such as whitening toothpastes and strips, offer more gradual results. The active ingredients, hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide, break...