Mixed convection takes place when the presence of a temperature difference in a forced-flow field gives rise to density differences and thus to a buoyancy force. Buoyancy influences internal forced-convection heat transfer in ways that depend on whether the flow is laminar or turbulent, up-flow or down-flow and on duct geometry. Laminar mixed convection in vertical or inclined ducts deserves a special interest for its applications in the design of cooling systems for electronic devices or for solar collectors. Flow through and fast porous media attracts considerable research activities in...
Mixed convection takes place when the presence of a temperature difference in a forced-flow field gives rise to density differences and thus to a buoy...