The use of photovoltaics with battery energy storage systems is popular because of the benefits it provides for household set-up as it helps with savings in electricity costs. In this dissertation, work is carried out for additional savings using energy storage systems and PV in residential set-ups and community-scale systems. The tariff which is taken is the time of use in which the rates varied between peak period and off-peak period. Hence, shifting the loading from the grid during the peak period to the off-peak period significantly reduces the electricity cost. The novel method which is...