In Young Mongols and Vigilantes in Inner Mongolia's Interregnum Decades, 1911-1931, a vivid narrative of the underground world of pan-Mongolist agitation in China, the author shows how the paradoxical legacy of China's New Policies reforms left ethnically-based nationalism as the only common denominator for political action. In the turbulent years of China's warlord republic, educated Mongol nationalists and rural vigilantes sought to unify Inner Mongolia with the independent state in Mongolia proper. Brought together by the Soviet embassy, the nationalists fought for an autonomous...