Martin Luther only meant for his 95 Theses to spark debate and hopefully a few changes in the Catholic Church. Instead, they changed the face of world history, sparking decades of violent religious conflict and war amongst the nations and peoples of Europe. Luther was a Catholic cleric whose chief problem with the Church was the practice of selling indulgences. Church leaders, though, would not sanction debate with him and excommunicated Luther. His cause was then championed by varied European royals who saw the chance to break from the Catholic Church and take control of valuable land. As...