Dental caries and trauma are the most common challenges to the integrity of a tooth as it matures. If this occurs prior to complete root formation and apical closure, normal root development is halted. Although current treatment modalities offer high levels of success for many conditions, an ideal form of therapy might consist of regenerative approaches in which diseased or necrotic pulp tissues are removed and replaced with healthy pulp tissue to revitalize teeth. Regenerative endodontic methods have the potential for regenerating both pulp and dentin tissues and therefore may offer an...

Dental trauma is not a disease but rather an unfortunate impact injury to the teeth and mouth that can arise from any activity of daily living. Among all the orofacial injuries, Traumatic dental injuries (TDI) are one of the most prevalent. Amounting to 18% of all injuries in children from 0 to 6 years of age. The primary teeth are highly liable to luxation (displacement) injuries constituting 21%-81% of all the TDI. These injuries may present with minimal symptoms as in concussion to serious injuries as in intrusion. Luxation injuries can be classified into various types according to the...

Due to changes in dietary habits and lifestyle, there is an increasing incidence of dental caries. The dynamic balance between demineralization and remineralization determines the progression of the initial non-cavitated lesion. Modern-day dentistry has shifted its focus from Black's "extension for prevention" to "prevention of extension." It focuses on the remineralization of demineralized dentin via biomimetic strategy and non-invasive treatment modalities using various remineralizing agents thereby preserving dentin to the maximum extent possible. Evidence suggests that initial...

Endodontic treatment of primary teeth is more challenging than permanent dentition. Pulp therapy of primary teeth still remain controversial for number of reasons, such as root canal morphology, the close proximity of the permanent successor tooth, inherent physiologic root resorption, complex diagnosis due to patients' immaturity to adequately relate their symptoms and the difficulty of obtaining good radiographic views of primary tooth apices, behavior management of pediatric patients, poor patient compliance and especially the choice of technique and filling materials. Current obturating...