This study focuses on how porous debris that accumulates during nuclear meltdown accidents removes heat from the environment. The fuel from the nuclear reactor first melts and interacts with the water during this type of severe accident, then it collects at the bottom of the reactor vessel as porous debris. Because it includes radioactive material and generates heat during decay, if this reactor vessel is unable to withstand the porous debris and it begins to melt, the vessel will also melt. The combination of all these components is subsequently kept at the vessel cavity's bottom. Since...

The stable state of a binary system under constant temperature and pressure is the one with the lowest Gibbs free energy. Phase stability can be determined by understanding the fluctuations of Gibbs free energy in different possible phases with composition and temperature. A liquid solution cools to a liquidus temperature, causing a solid phase to separate from it. This solid phase can be an almost pure component, a solid solution with similar or different composition, or a chemical complex formed by the reaction of multiple components. The composition of the solid phase in equilibrium with...

One of today's greatest engineering challenges is the need for clean energy sources. Much of the world remains heavily dependent on natural gas and coal for electricity. Although abundant, these sources contribute significantly to global warming. Moreover, extraction methods such as fracking have been linked to environmental damage, including induced earthquakes. This project focuses on designing a solar-powered electric vehicle capable of regenerating power using solar technology. If such vehicles became commercially standard, the demand for fossil fuels could be significantly reduced. A...

L'un des plus grands défis actuels en matière d'ingénierie est la nécessité de disposer de sources d'énergie propres. Une grande partie du monde reste fortement dépendante du gaz naturel et du charbon pour l'électricité. Bien qu'abondantes, ces sources contribuent de manière significative au réchauffement climatique. En outre, les méthodes d'extraction telles que la fracturation hydraulique ont été associées à des dommages environnementaux, y compris des tremblements de terre induits. Ce projet se concentre sur la conception d'un véhicule électrique à énergie solaire...

Eine der größten technischen Herausforderungen unserer Zeit ist der Bedarf an sauberen Energiequellen. Große Teile der Welt sind bei der Stromerzeugung nach wie vor stark von Erdgas und Kohle abhängig. Obwohl diese Energieträger im Überfluss vorhanden sind, tragen sie erheblich zur globalen Erwärmung bei. Darüber hinaus werden Fördermethoden wie Fracking mit Umweltschäden in Verbindung gebracht, darunter auch mit der Auslösung von Erdbeben. Im Mittelpunkt dieses Projekts steht die Entwicklung eines solarbetriebenen Elektrofahrzeugs, das in der Lage ist, Strom mithilfe von...