Zu den physikalisch-chemischen Messungen gehören traditionell solche Messungen, die der Bestimmung von Größen dienen, die mit Energie, industrieller Produktion, Ökologie und Gesundheitsschutz zusammenhängen. Dazu gehören: die Bestimmung des pH-Werts wässriger und nichtwässriger Lösungen; die Bestimmung der Konzentration von Elektrolytlösungen durch potentiometrische Analyse, konduktometrische Methode und Methoden der optisch-physikalischen Messungen; die Bestimmung der Zusammensetzung von Gasgemischen durch Gasanalyse und chromatographische Methoden. Die Materialien richten sich an...

This monograph consists of two parts. The first part provides detailed, reliable and complete information about the national primary and special reference databases of Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan and the Russian Federation, as well as about all the standards contained in the databases.The second part provides information on both reference fluid viscosities. The technical and metrological features and metrological parameters of normative documents, and normative documents are described in detail.This monograph is recommended for demanding researchers who need information about national reference...

This manual provides detailed information on the activities, history, organizational structure and stages, timing, and validity of the intellectual property patenting process in the most developed countries of the world.The manual also contains inventions of viscometry. Inventions based on the methods of viscometry of the world's leading countries, their classification, the formula of the invention, and the drawings of the invention are given in the patent for the invention.

This manual provides detailed information on the activities, history, organizational structure and stages, timing, and validity of the intellectual property patenting process in the most developed countries of the world.The manual also contains inventions of viscometry. Inventions based on the methods of viscometry of the world's leading countries, their classification, the formula of the invention, and the drawings of the invention are given in the patent for the invention.

Les mesures physico-chimiques comprennent traditionnellement les types de mesures destinés à déterminer les valeurs des quantités associées à l'énergie, à la production industrielle, à l'écologie et à la protection de la santé. Il s'agit de la détermination du pH des solutions aqueuses et non aqueuses, de la détermination de la concentration des solutions électrolytiques par analyse potentiométrique, méthode conductométrique et méthodes de mesures optiques et physiques, de la détermination de la composition des mélanges gazeux par analyse des gaz et méthodes...

The flight safety of civil aircraft (AC) has always been one of the main problems for aviation. With an increase in the mass character, the intensity of aircraft operation, and an increase in their passenger capacity, the requirements for flight safety, and the safety of life of passengers and crew members have increased significantly. At present, any aviation accident becomes a subject of discussion in the media, each aircraft accident is a national disaster and receives a wide public outcry. The state of flight safety largely affects social tension in society and the economic performance of...

Viscosity is a fundamental characteristic property of all liquids. When a liquid flows, it has an internal resistance to flow. Viscosity is a measure of this resistance to flow or shear. Viscosity can also be termed as a drag force and is a measure of the frictional properties of the fluid. Viscosity is a function of temperature and pressure. Although the viscosities of both liquids and gases change with temperature and pressure, they affect the viscosity in a different manner. In this book, we will deal primarily with viscosity of liquids and its change as a function of temperature.

The choice of level measurement technology depends on factors such as the type of material being measured, the required accuracy, environmental conditions, and budget. Modern sensors often offer enhanced connectivity, allowing for better integration into automated systems and improved overall efficiency in chemical processes.The manual outlines the basic theoretical principles of measuring the level of liquids and bulk materials, and the features of their operation and installation, depending on the conditions and characteristics of the measured medium. A description of modern-level control...