This book covers the latest advances in Cultural Algorithms, their general framework, different variants, hybridized versions with other meta-heuristic and search techniques, and their applications. Cultural Algorithms are meta-heuristic numerical optimization techniques inspired by the bio-cultural evolutionary theory, in which both types of vertical and horizontal learning behaviors are modeled. The book includes well-briefed basics of optimization and theoretical backgrounds of Cultural Algorithms in its initial chapters and then discusses their applications in different branches of...