Acute phase proteins (APPs) have been used as biomarkers of diseases for decades in human medicine, but were relatively under-utilised in the veterinary medicine. Over recent years, significant progress have been made in studies on acute phase response in farm animals and small animals medicine, including the detection, measurement, and application of APPs as biomarkers of diseases. APPs are blood and milk proteins, primarily synthetized by hepatocytes and mammary gland tissue cells as a part of acute phase response. The acute phase response is a complex systemic early-defence system...