Technology has changed the way orthodontic problems are diagnosed and treated. All of these advances have expanded the patient populations seeking treatment and have improved what clinicians can expect when treating patients. To ensure optimal treatment of patients, it is important for clinicians to continue learning and to keep up with advances as the field progresses as a whole to ensure that all orthodontic patients are treated to the optimal standard of care.

Dental eruption is a very finely regulated process. DF is a major component and many genes, molecules, and cells participate in this process. Eruption theories are unanimously agreed upon: osteolysis is necessary for successful dental eruption. Research has focused on this essential phase of the eruption process, highlighting the many molecules needed, coming into play at different stages, sometimes redundantly.

Dental decay in children's teeth is a significant public health problem, affecting 60% to 90% of school children in industrialized countries (WHO report 2003). Aesthetics is the science of beauty. In the modern civilized cosmetically conscious world, well contoured and well aligned white teeth set the standard for beauty. Such teeth are not only considered attractive, but are also indicative of nutritional health, self esteem, hygienic and shows economic status of a person. Several options are available for providing full coverage restoration for the primary dentition, with advantages and...

Dental caries is a multifactorial microbial disease of the tooth and is one of the most common health problems. Saliva, a complex mixture of fluids is secreted by the major and minor salivary glands that surrounds the hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity that is composed of organic and inorganic components. Saliva is one of the intraoral host factors that influence caries development. Salivary components, its flow, viscosity, buffering capacity, etc., play a major role in the prevention, initiation and progression of the disease. As a diagnostic fluid, saliva offers distinctive advantages...