The presented work substantiates the methodology of historical cognition with the help of historian's intuition, based on "empathy" with the object of historical research. The object of historical science is a person as the creator of a specific historical culture, and through it - the world historical process. This definition of the role of the individual in the methodology of history is distinguished by the historical method of thinking in the theory of cultural history, which is represented, on the one hand, by the "philosophy of culture" of P.M. Bicilli, and on the other hand by the...