A transition from a fossil-based to a sustainable bio-based industry is crucial due to environmental pollution. This can be achieved by the production of chemicals with microbes using renewable substrates. In this context, the promising host P. putida KT2440 was engineered for efficient utilization of lignocellulose-derived substrates and heterologous production of biosurfactants, namely rhamnolipids. Thereby, the thesis contributes to establishing eco-friendly processes.