In the internet world, some of the information exchange required services defined in the security services X.800. Confidentiality of sensitive data is considered to be one of the security service defined in X.800 which is highly desirable in digital world. Encoding the sensitive information with the help of secret keys helps in maintaining the confidentiality of data. This approach is known as cryptography. The major limitation of cryptographic approaches lies in the fact that the encoding message which was or were produced as output after encryption procedure may attract malicious user on...

Smart cities are one of the most active research fields in the world, due to the various benefits and challenges associated with their implementation. A major challenge for smart cities is processing and transporting the huge volumes of data generated by the sensor network layer, which builds the fundamental physical layer. Ongoing research is needed to address the computational challenges arising in smart city environments, particularly to help ensure efficient operations around the sensor layer. To address this challenge, a novel physical layer frame- work is proposed that intelligently...