Triboelektrische Nanogeneratoren (TENGs) haben sich zu einer transformativen Technologie für die Energiegewinnung und selbstversorgte Sensorik entwickelt. Jüngste Fortschritte bei fortschrittlichen Materialien, darunter Gele, Graphen, Polymere und Silizium, haben ihre Ausgangsleistung, Haltbarkeit und Anpassungsfähigkeit deutlich verbessert. Über die Werkstoffe hinaus ermöglicht die Integration von TENGs mit künstlicher Intelligenz (KI), dem Internet der Dinge (IoT), maschinellem Lernen, Robotik und biomedizinischen Systemen intelligente, anpassungsfähige und autonome Energielösungen....

Photoresponsive gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are smart nanomaterials that combine the plasmonic properties of gold with the reversible photochemistry of organic chromophores. Surface functionalization with photoactive molecules such as azobenzene, fluorescein, perylene, and pyrene enables light-controlled modulation of conformation, fluorescence, and surface interactions. These systems show strong potential in drug delivery, bioimaging, biosensing, and photothermal therapy. Recent advances in design, synthesis, and biomedical integration are discussed, along with challenges such as limited...

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have emerged as a transformative technology for energy harvesting and self-powered sensing. Recent progress in advanced materials, including gels, graphene, polymers, and silicon, has markedly improved their output performance, durability, and adaptability. Beyond materials, the integration of TENGs with artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), machine learning, robotics, and biomedical systems enables smart, adaptive, and autonomous energy solutions. These convergences allow real-time data processing, intelligent sensing, and self-powered...

Photoresponsive organogels have gained significant attention as smart materials owing to their ability to undergo reversible changes in physical properties under light stimulation. Incorporation of photoactive moieties into flexible organogel networks allows precise, noninvasive regulation of structure and function using light as an external trigger. Recent advances in their design and synthesis have broadened applications in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and biosensing. This review highlights strategies to improve light responsiveness, stability, and biocompatibility of photoresponsive...

Les nanogénérateurs triboélectriques (TENG) sont apparus comme une technologie transformatrice pour la collecte d'énergie et la détection autoalimentée. Les progrès récents dans les matériaux avancés, y compris les gels, le graphène, les polymères et le silicium, ont nettement amélioré leurs performances de sortie, leur durabilité et leur adaptabilité. Au-delà des matériaux, l'intégration des TENG avec l'intelligence artificielle (IA), l'internet des objets (IoT), l'apprentissage automatique, la robotique et les systèmes biomédicaux permet des solutions énergétiques...