Managing pain can be one of the most challenging aspects of the clinical practice of endodontics, and one by which the skill of the clinician is often judged. Achieving successful pain control in a predictable, efficient manner requires a working knowledge of the underlying biology of the body pain system and mechanism by which drugs and therapies provide relief. Management of pain for endodontic therapy encompasses three aspects: Pre-operative, intra operative and post-operative pain management. First and the most important in managing any kind of pain is the correct diagnosis, as correct...