Burning Mouth Syndrome, is a chronic, complex, intraoral pain order with varied etiology. Diagnosis and management of BMS is not an easy task for oral health care professionals. The occurrence of a complicated BMS and the distinction between primary BMS and secondary BMS is useful in the management of BMS. Based on these distinctions, a caring supportive attitude, a correct patient stratification, and an appropriate multidisciplinary approach will be the gold standards for a rational and beneficial application of current knowledge.