During the past decade there has been interest in the employment of natural enemies, notably predators for the regulation of insect pests. Despite their importance, the systematics of spiders and the role they play in pest population regulation has received little attention. Limited systematic information is available to support work in biological control including the basic need of species identification. It is there fore of great priority to make a systematic study of rice field dwelling spiders in various rice environments to document and characterize the spider fauna as a basis for...

Sacred groves provide various ecosystem services to the local communities and by providing water for organisms living in and around the groves. Their immediate surroundings are cool and also produce plenty of oxygen into the environment. Main vegetation types of sacred groves are evergreen, semi-evergreen, moist deciduous and mangrove forests. Vegetation retains water, and releases it slowly during dry periods. This adds humidity to the air and cools it. Spiders are considered as generalist predators and have the world's most abundant taxon-insect as their main food. They can be found in...