Hand hygiene is a common term that is applicable to hand washing, antiseptic hand rub, antiseptic hand wash or surgical hand antisepsis. Hand hygiene helps in preventing cross-transmission of microorganism and helps in reducing the prevalence of health care associated infections and an optimal hand hygiene behavior is considered as the cornerstone for preventing health care associated infections. Nurses comprise the largest percentage of health care workers and they are appraised as the "nucleus of the healthcare system", their compliance with hand washing seems to be crucial in preventing...

Diabetes Mellitus is an endocrine disorder and the complications arising from the disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Vitamin B12 is a water soluble vitamin and its deficiency results in disruption of methylation process which leads to accumulation of serum and intracellular homocysteine and methylmalonic acid which gets accumulated in the myelin sheath and leads to formation of abnormal fatty acids, resulting in neurological manifestations. Glycated Hb is used as a guideline to check the status of patient's glycemic control for preceding 3 months. The objective of this study was...

Osteoporose ist eine häufige Erkrankung, die durch eine systemische Beeinträchtigung der Knochenmasse und Mikroarchitektur gekennzeichnet ist und zu Frakturen führt. Mit einer alternden Bevölkerung werden die medizinischen und sozioökonomischen Auswirkungen der Osteoporose, insbesondere der postmenopausalen Osteoporose, weiter zunehmen. Knochenschwund und Osteoporose mit der daraus resultierenden Zunahme des Frakturrisikos dürften für Patienten und Gesundheitsversorger ein großes Problem darstellen. Mit zunehmender Alterung der Bevölkerung werden die langfristigen Auswirkungen der...