The concurrent development of better techniques has resulted in a greater understanding of the apical anatomy, greater treatment success, and a more favorable patient response. These developments marked the beginning of the endodontic microsurgery era that began in the 1990s. There is a substantial difference in surgery outcomes between those using the microscope and those do not. The use of advanced technology like a microscope, specially designed instruments, improved root-end filling materials help to achieve faster wound healing with lesser postoperative complications.

Kenntnisse und Fertigkeiten in verschiedenen Aspekten der Endodontie sind erforderlich, um ein erfolgreiches Ergebnis der endodontischen Behandlung zu erzielen. Falsche Diagnose und Behandlung können die Situation verschlimmern. Man muss Kenntnisse über Schmerzmechanismen, Patientenmanagement, Diagnose und geeignete Behandlungsmaßnahmen für Hart- und Weichgewebe haben. Die Notfälle sind von großer Bedeutung betreffen sowohl den Patienten als auch die Zahnärzte. Zahnärzte haben die Verantwortung, ein wirksames Mittel zur Schmerzlinderung einzusetzen, das im Einklang mit den allgemeinen...

The success of root canal treatment depends upon proper diagnosis, treatment planning, Knowledge of canal anatomy ,morphology, canal debridement, sterilization of canal and Obturation.Obturation of root canal and to eradicate all portals of entry between the periodontium and root canal are the objectives of root canal filling. The better the seal, the better the prognosis of the tooth.Techniques for obturating root canals include the use of heat or chemically-softened gutta percha, injection techniques, ultrasonics, vibration and carriers. Carrier based materials are available that utilize a...

Dental Photography is an expanding part of dental practice. Emphasis is centered on the documentation and evaluation of the procedures carried out in our day to day practice as well as special cases. The possibilities of dental photography, as with photography for other applications, are limited only by the imagination. As a profession, dentistry can either be a source of immense satisfaction or a routine treadmill. One of the ways to enhance satisfaction is by using dental photography, which is a wonderful means to appreciate what can be achieved with current therapy, gratifying to both the...

L'augmentation rapide du développement de nouveaux matériaux et techniques de restauration, les recherches sont devenues plus impliquées dans la détermination de la capacité de chaque nouveau matériau à s'adapter à la dent sans fuite et le risque qui en résulte pour la vitalité de la dent, la sensibilité postopératoire, les taches marginales et caries secondaires - afin qu'à l'avenir, les fuites marginales ne constituent pas une complication post-restauration grave. Un matériau de restauration idéal doit satisfaire à de nombreuses exigences, notamment une bonne étanchéité,...