Security systems widespread and play essential roles in our lives. The strongest security systems can be built by biometric trails. Earprint can be considered as one of the most important biometrics, especially for phone communications. Here, an earprint database has firstly been established by collecting a big number of earprint images, where an acquisition device is designed and utilized. Preprocessing steps are adopted for segmenting an acquired image and extracting the earprint pattern. Deep Learning (DL) techniques that are currently widely exploited have limited use for individual...

Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is one of the most important biometrics, it has been employed for individual recognition. Basically, the term of "recognition" refers to "identification" and/or "verification". Both identification and verification are considered in this study. Moreover, weaknesses are investigated in Iraq as a case study within relevant sections and institutions. There are significant drawbacks in capabilities, devices and routine processing time. Therefore, it has become necessary to address such a vital and very sensitive topic in Iraq by this study for the cases of suggesting...