Craniofacial birth defects are the fourth most common congenital anomaly in newborns. Cleft lip and palate together represent the most common congenital deformity of the head and the neck. Oral clefts, including cleft lip (CL), cleft palate (CP), and cleft lip and palate (CLP) constitute a heterogeneous group of non-fatal birth defects known to be multifactorial in origin, in that both genes and environmental factors contribute to their aetiology. Due to both epidemiological and embryological similarities, CL and CLP are usually grouped together as cleft lip with or without cleft palate...

Abuse can limit a child's emotional development, including their ability to attend, feel and communicate emotions properly, and to manage their emotions. Children who usually grow up in such places where they always have to face rebuking and belittled may experience problems like insecurity, worthlessness and anger. One of the most significant problems with emotional abuse or with children who don't get the affection and warmth which they need from their parents , may find it extremely hard to develop and maintain healthy relationships with other people in their life. Lower satisfaction with...

Although rare, medical emergencies do occur in the dental office. While the majority of medical emergencies occur in adult patients, pediatric medical emergencies can occur too. Pediatric medical emergencies occur quickly, without warning, and with possible severe consequences due to the child's underdeveloped physiology coupled with small oxygen reserves. Successful resolution of the emergency requires early recognition of the problem and swift definitive treatment. This book deals with the medical emergency in pediatric dentistry.

Although the literature clearly presents information on the estimated ages of eruptive and exfoliative history for the life span of each primary tooth, there is little information available to describe the 'typical' clinical eruptive history for each tooth. The majority of information available regarding the rate of eruption has been derived from studies on the permanent dentition with the results extrapolated to describe the primary dentition. The aim of the present study was to describe the emergence phase of eruption of the primary teeth, including the length of time individual primary...

Dental caries is one of the most common preventable diseases which is recognize as the primary cause of oral pain and tooth loss. It is a major public health oral disease which hinders the acheivement and maintenance of oral health in all age groups. WHO claimed that poor oral health may have a profound effect on general health as well as quality of life, and several oral diseases are related to chronic diseases. Dental caries refers to the localised destruction of susceptible dental hard tissues by acidic by-products from the bacterial fermentation of dietary carbohydrates.This book deals...

Zahnkaries ist weltweit eine weit verbreitete und kostspielige Krankheit und stellt die häufigste Infektionskrankheit in der pädiatrischen Bevölkerung dar. Die Krankheit tritt auch zunehmend isoliert an bestimmten Zähnen und Zahnmorphologien sowohl im Milchgebiss als auch im Wechselgebiss auf, wobei Gruben und Fissuren die vorherrschenden kariösen Stellen sind. Es wurden Materialien wie Glasionomere, Harzionomere, Harzionomerprodukte und verbesserte Kompositsysteme auf Harzbasis entwickelt, die einen großen Einfluss auf die Restauration von Milchzähnen haben, insbesondere auf die...