The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) and the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Studies (TIMSS) are two prevalent standardized tests, and we compare the results in 4th grade mathematics between the U.S and other countries. The NAEP mathematics assessment is the only federally authorized and continuing nationwide assessment of student mathematics achievement. It serves as a source of information to measure student performance. TIMSS standards have affected the overall quality and performance of national educational systems in participating countries, and they...