In recent years, evidence has emerged showing that many chemicals (e.g. estradiol, nonylphenol, bisphenol A, PCBs and some pesticides) at different concentrations can cause disruption to endocrine systems and can affect hormonal control of development in aquatic biodiversity. The presence of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the environment is of great concern due to their harmful effects on animals including humans. There are several screening procedures used to quantify EDCs in the aquatic environment including chemical analysis, in vitro, and in vivo bioassays. Pakistan has a great...