The fracture of an instrument is a recognized complication in endodontics. Several factors must however be taken into account to evaluate the prognosis of the tooth in this situation. The objective of the endodontic treatment with (or) without a fractured instrument remains the same, namely to disinfect the root canal and prevent its recontamination. The time at which the file fracture occurred during treatment and the degree of canal infection must be considered when determining the potential effect on treatment outcome. Patients should be informed about an instrument fracturing in the tooth...

Cryotherapy alludes to bringing down or diminishing the tissue temperature for therapeutic purposes. The term cryotherapy is gotten from the Greek word cryos, signifying "cold". The magnitude of the adjustment in temperature and biophysical changes in the tissues rely on several factors such as the distinctions in the object's temperature and the heat or cold application, exposure duration, thermal conductivity of the tissues, and sort of thermal agents employed. The clinical ramifications of this sort of treatment in the human body cause changes in the host's nearby temperature. Cryotherapy...