In this book, we will explore the emulation of human thought, capable of dealing with uncertainties, ambiguities, and contradictions. The human thought can be expressed in rules. To handle uncertainties, ambiguities, and contradictions, we will use fuzzy system techniques, implemented by a fuzzy expert system. Expert systems are computer programs, designed to make available some of the skills of an expert to non-experts. The hundreds of edited works and tens of thousands of archival papers show clearly that this is a rapidly growing technology, where new discoveries are being published every...

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the key technology in many of today's novel applications, ranging from banking systems that detect attempted credit card fraud, to telephone systems that understand speech, to software systems that notice when you're having problems and offer appropriate advice. These technologies would not exist today without the sustained federal support of fundamental AI research over the past three decades. This book presents sequential decision theory from a novel algorithmic information theory perspective. While the former is suited for active agents in known...