The study of cellular adhesion and growth on solid state substrates is a prerequisite for the evaluation of material bio-compatibility. The knowledge of the effects of topographical and chemical features of the surface on cell viability is pivotal for the development of cell-based bio-sensors, as the interface seriously influences the optical/electrical cellular signal transduction. In this book I present our contribution for the assessment of Nanocrystalline Diamond (NCD) bio-compatibility in terms of cellular adhesion and viability. Nanocrystalline diamond samples deposited on quartz...