This book presents a hardware architecture for the Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM) problem applied to embedded robots. The architecture is composed by highly specialized modules for robot localization and feature-based map building from images obtained directly from CMOS cameras in real time. The system is completely embedded on a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) device, where several hardware-orientated optimizations are exploited. The main modules of the architecture are the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and the feature detection system based on the SIFT (Scale Invariant...