The genus Mentha includes perennial herbs, generally cultivated for their essential oils used for medicinal and aromatic purposes. The number of species in the genus Mentha has been a matter of confusion due to high polymorphism in morphology and great diversity in essential oil composition. Previously the Mentha collections have been classified on morphological traits in Pakistan. This thesis is the first documented report of using molecular as well as numerical techniques for dissecting Mentha specimens collected from Kunhar River catchment of Hazara region. For numerical analysis twenty...

Peshawar Valley, the main drainage basin of Kabul River is widely known for its fertile land, intact wetland and diverse cultural and biological resources. This dissertation is an outcome of an effort to record species diversity of unicellular Green algae from the Valley. Sum of 10 genera with 70 species of Unicellular Green Algae, Chlorophyta were collected and identified from different localities of District Peshawar. The most frequent genus in term of species was Tetraedron with 24 species (34.28 %). Other frequent genera were Closterium 10 species (14.28 %), Cosmarium 9 species (12.85%),...