Vehicle performance is largely controlled by the tire dynamic characteristics mediated by forces and moments generated at the tire-road contact patch. The tire may undergo deformations that increase the longitudinal and lateral forces within the contact patch. It is crucial to develop a model for the accurate prediction of tire characteristics, as this will enable optimization of the overall performance of vehicles. Research has been conducted to identify new strategies for tire measurement and modeling vehicle dynamics analysis. Autonomous vehicles (AVs), electric vehicles (EVs), shared...