Genetics is the study of heredity, the process by which characters are passed from parents to their offsprings, so that all offsprings resemble their parents. According to the concept of genetics, heredity is controlled by large number of genes that are located on chromosomes which are called Hereditary Vehicles. Chromosomes are composed of deoxyribo-nucleic acid (DNA) and protein. Many diseases are a result of sudden heritable structural change in DNA. This process by which a gene undergoes a structural change is known as Mutation. It may lead to various disorders such as growth retardation,...