Health care spending exceeds national gross domestic product growth and continues to jeopardize the U.S. economy. Health care Group Purchasing Organizations (GPOs) may encounter challenges in achieving member commitment because no formal authority exists between GPOs and their members. Therefore, mandatory commitment from GPO members is not required, purchasing decisions remain outside the GPOs span of control, and declination of advice, recommendations, or requests may occur without legitimate reasons. The general business problem is that GPO members may not achieve the lowest available...